Anchor chains are primarily categorized into stud link chains, studless chains, and combination chains. Stud link chains feature welded studs for added strength and stability. Studless chains are lighter and easier to handle, while combination chains mix both types for specific applications.

Anchor chains are categorized by size, grade, material, and other technical properties. Common sizes range from 10mm to 150mm in diameter. Grades include Grade 2, Grade 3, and High-Tensile (HT) chains, with tensile strengths varying from 490 N/mm² (Grade 2) to 800 N/mm² (HT). Materials are typically high-strength carbon steel or alloy steel. Viscosity is not applicable, but corrosion resistance is enhanced through galvanization or other coatings. Buoyancy is negligible due to the chain's density, but some designs incorporate buoyant markers. Stud-link chains are the most common type, providing strength and stability.

Other types include Kenter links for joining, D-shackles for attachments, and swivels to prevent twisting. Proof load testing ensures durability, with working loads typically 1/4th of the breaking load. Chain length is measured in shackles (27.5 meters per shackle). Mooring chains may have higher grades (e.g., R4, R5) for offshore applications. Environmental factors like seawater exposure dictate material and coating choices.